Physics 2021 JAMB Past Questions - Question 1: The law of conservation of energy is represented by

Correct Answer

A

Explanation

The law of conservation of energy is a fundamental principle in physics, and it states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant over time. In other words, energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted from one form to another.

The mathematical representation of the law of conservation of energy can be expressed as:

\[ E_{\text{total}} = \text{constant} \]

where \( E_{\text{total}} \) represents the total energy of the system. This total energy can exist in various forms, such as kinetic energy (the energy of motion), potential energy (stored energy based on an object's position or condition), thermal energy, and others. As the system undergoes changes or interactions, the total energy remains the same.

It's important to note that this law holds true for isolated systems, where no external forces are acting on the system. In real-world situations, some energy may be lost to external factors like friction or air resistance, but the total energy of an isolated system still remains constant within the limits of these external influences.