Chemistry 2009 JAMB Past Questions - Question 45: A compound commonly used for sterilization and preservation of specimens and food is

Correct Answer

A

Explanation

The compound you're most likely thinking of is **formaldehyde**. Here's why:

* **Sterilization:** Formaldehyde, often in the form of a **40% aqueous solution known as formalin**, is a potent antimicrobial agent effective against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and even some spores. This makes it useful for sterilizing medical instruments, biological specimens, and even food processing surfaces.
* **Preservation:** Formaldehyde reacts with proteins and other cell components, essentially hardening and fixing them in their current state. This prevents decomposition and allows biological specimens like animal tissues or plant matter to be preserved for long periods. Additionally, it can be used to preserve some food items, though its use in food applications is becoming less common due to potential health concerns.

However, it's important to note that:

* Formaldehyde is a **toxic and carcinogenic** substance. Handling it requires appropriate safety precautions and regulations.
* Its use in food preservation is **strictly regulated** in many countries due to potential health risks. For example, the European Union has banned the use of formaldehyde in most food applications.

Therefore, while formaldehyde is indeed a common compound used for sterilization and preservation, its use comes with safety considerations and regulatory restrictions.