Chemistry 2010 JAMB Past Questions - Question 41: Which of the following is used as fuel in miners' lamp?

Correct Answer

B

Explanation

Out of the options you provided, **Ethyne (C?H?)**, also known as acetylene, is commonly used as fuel in miners' lamps. Here's why:

* **Ethanal (CH?CHO):** This compound, also known as acetaldehyde, is highly flammable but not commonly used as fuel in miners' lamps due to its low volatility and higher flammability compared to other options.
* **Ethene (C?H?):** While commonly used in the petrochemical industry, ethene (ethylene) isn't typically used in miners' lamps due to its lower energy density and potential safety concerns related to flammability.
* **Ethane (C?H?):** This gas has even lower energy density and volatility than ethene, making it unsuitable for fueling miners' lamps.
* **Ethyne (C?H?):** Ethyne, also known as acetylene, is a good choice for miners' lamps due to its:
    - **High energy density:** It burns with a hot, white flame, providing good illumination.
    - **Volatility:** Easily forms a gas mixture with air, readily fueling the lamp.
    - **Controlled combustion:** Can be safely burned in a specifically designed lamp to minimize explosion risks.

While early miners' lamps used carbide lamps generating acetylene through a chemical reaction, modern versions often use pre-filled canisters of compressed acetylene for safety and convenience.

So, the answer is **Ethyne (C?H?) or acetylene**.