Physics 2014 JAMB Past Questions - Question 4: I. Electrical potential II. Torque III. Kinetic energy IV. Momentum Which of the quantities listed above are vectors?

Correct Answer

D

Explanation

Electric potential and kinetic energy are scalar quantities. The product of a scalar quantity and vector quantity is a vector quantity. Therefore, momentum = mass x velocity is a vector quantity. Torque can be clockwise and anticlockwise and is the product force and perpendicular distance, it is Therefore a vector quantity. Therefore II and IV are vectorsTorque and momentum are the two quantities listed above that are vectors.

I. Electrical potential is a scalar quantity, meaning it has magnitude but no direction.

II. Torque is a vector because it has both magnitude and direction. It describes the rotational force applied to an object and depends on the location where the force is applied and the direction of the force.

III. Kinetic energy is a scalar quantity, like electrical potential. It is a measure of an object's energy due to its motion, and it only has magnitude.

IV. Momentum is a vector because it has both magnitude and direction. It is defined as the product of an object's mass and its velocity, and its direction is the same as the velocity of the object.

So, in summary, torque and momentum are vectors, while electrical potential and kinetic energy are scalars.