PHYSICS

JAMB 2000 - Question 32

Physics 2000 JAMB Past Questions - Question 32: If a charged ion goes through combined electric and magnetic fields, the resultant emergent velocity of the ion is

Choose the correct answers from the options given.
If a charged ion goes through combined electric and magnetic fields, the resultant emergent velocity of the ion is
A:
B:
C:
D:
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Correct Answer

A

Explanation

A=BV ;V=E/BThe resultant emergent velocity of a charged ion moving through combined electric and magnetic fields is determined by the interaction between the electric and magnetic forces acting on the ion.

1. Electric Field: If an ion carries an electric charge (either positive or negative), it will experience a force due to an electric field. This force is given by Coulomb's law:

  F_electric = q * E

  Where:
  - F_electric is the electric force.
  - q is the charge of the ion.
  - E is the electric field strength.

  The direction of the electric force depends on the sign of the charge (positive or negative). If the charge is positive, the force will be in the direction of the electric field. If the charge is negative, the force will be in the opposite direction.

2. Magnetic Field: When a charged particle (ion) moves through a magnetic field, it experiences a magnetic force. The magnetic force is given by the Lorentz force equation:

  F_magnetic = q * v * B * sin(θ)

  Where:
  - F_magnetic is the magnetic force.
  - q is the charge of the ion.
  - v is the velocity of the ion.
  - B is the magnetic field strength.
  - θ is the angle between the velocity vector and the magnetic field lines.

The direction of the magnetic force is determined by the right-hand rule. It is perpendicular to both the velocity of the ion and the direction of the magnetic field.

The resultant emergent velocity of the ion is the vector sum of the electric and magnetic forces. The ion will move in a curved path as it experiences these forces. The exact path and speed of the ion will depend on the initial conditions (velocity, charge, and angles) and the strengths of the electric and magnetic fields.

In summary, the emergent velocity of a charged ion moving through combined electric and magnetic fields is determined by the interplay of the electric and magnetic forces, and it can result in a curved trajectory rather than a simple straight-line motion.