Chemistry 2010 JAMB Past Questions - Question 16: Coffee stains can best be removed by

Correct Answer

C

Explanation

Out of the listed options, **a solution of borax in water** is the **safest and most effective** choice for removing coffee stains. Here's why:

* **Kerosene and turpentine:** These are hazardous solvents that can **damage fabrics** and pose health risks like skin irritation and respiratory problems. They are not recommended for cleaning clothes or other porous materials.
* **Ammonia solution:** While ammonia can sometimes lift stains, it has a strong odor and can **bleach some fabrics**. It's best to avoid it for delicate materials or colored fabrics.

**Borax in water:**

* Borax is a mild alkaline mineral that helps loosen and **dissolve stains** without harming most fabrics.
* It's readily available and relatively **safe** to use when diluted in water.
* Here's how to use it:
    1. Make a paste with borax powder and warm water.
    2. Apply the paste to the stained area and let it sit for 15-30 minutes.
    3. Rinse with clean water and wash the garment as usual.

**Additional tips:**

* **Act quickly:** Fresh coffee stains are easier to remove than dried ones.
* **Blot, don't rub:** Rubbing can spread the stain further. Use a clean absorbent cloth to blot up excess coffee.
* **Test on an inconspicuous area:** Before applying any cleaning solution, test it on an unseen part of the fabric to ensure it doesn't cause damage.
* **Follow care instructions:** Always follow the care instructions on the garment label for recommended cleaning methods.

For tough stains or delicate fabrics, consider consulting a professional dry cleaner.